Free download ebooks it is very good news for me if you are a permanent resident of ontario you may use jpeg compression and bicubic downsampling to produce smaller pdf files. Lucknow pact 1916 pdf lucknow pact, lucknow pact refers to an agreement reached between the indian national congress and the muslim league at the. Jinnah, member of congress and league was a believer in their unity and convinced them to hold sessions together for indians sake. Get an answer for what was the impact of the lucknow pact of 1916 signed between the muslim league and the indian national congress. Lakhnau is the capital city of the indian state of uttar pradesh, and is also the administrative headquarters of the eponymous district and division. Lucknow pact, 1916 lucknow pact refers to an agreement reached between the indian national congress and the muslim league at the. The lucknow pact was a resolution reached between the indian national congress and the muslim league to create a more liberal approach to the governance of the country.
He was a great advocate of hindumuslim unity and was widely respected in muslim league and the congress. The lucknow session 1916 presided by ambica charan majumdar was special in many respects. The significance of the lucknow pact is that, the indian national congress approved the. British policy of repression against indians, worried congress and league. An understanding for joint action against the british was reached between the congress and the muslim league and it was called the lucknow pact. The lucknow pact was an agreement that reached between the indian national congress and the muslim league at the joint session of both the parties held in lucknow in december 1916. The strength of legislative council should be 10 members out of which fourfifths were to be elected and onefifth to be nominated one third of. One is the first meeting of the stalwarts mahatma gandhi, jawaharlal nehru and mohd ali jinnah during the indian national congress session of 1916 the lucknow pact was signed and moderates and extremists came together through the efforts of annie besant during this session. The lucknow pact was executed between the congress and muslim league in 1916. Muhammad ali jinnah, then a member of the congress as well as the league, made both the parties reach an agreement to pressure the. Pdf answers pdf stp mathematics 8a stp mathematics 8a answers pdf. Oct 31, 2015 lucknow pact, 1916 lucknow pact refers to an agreement reached between the indian national congress and the muslim league at the joint session of both the parties, held in lucknow, in 1916. There, both parties agreed to separate electorates for muslims and, in provinces where muslims were in a minority, a guaranteed number of seats.
Historic lucknow pact enters 100th year lucknow news. Finally, at their respective annual sessions held at lucknow in december 1916, the inc and the league confirmed the agreement. Create your own haiku deck presentation on slideshare. Lucknow pact, home rule league, and august declaration.
Oct 22, 2011 the lucknow session 1916 presided by ambica charan majumdar was special in many respects. The meeting at lucknow marked the reunion of the moderate and radical wings of the congress. In 1916, as a member both of con gress and the muslim league, he arranged the annual conferences of both parties to be held jointly in lucknow. Lucknow pact of 1916 was signed without regard for its consequences. He presided over the league session at lucknow in december 1916. Humphrey milford, oxford university press, 1922 are reproduced below. History tuition modern india early phase of national movement morleyminto reforms 1909. Saima ashraf on september 28, 2011 in british rule comments off on lucknow pact 1916 the high profile leaders of the all india muslim league and the indian national congress met at lucknow in 1916 to ponder over the selfgovernment in india.
The lucknow pact was an agreement between the indian national congress, led by bal gangadhar tilak, and the allindia muslim league, led by muhammad ali jinnah. The signing of the lucknow pact by the congress and the muslim league in 1916. Ansari, ed, readings on minority perspectives and documents new delhi. Lucknow has always been a multicultural city that flourished as a north indian cultural. Antibritish feelings were generated among the muslims following a war between britain and turkey, which opened the way for the congress and muslim league unity. Lucknow session, lucknow pact 1916, short note on lucknow. The once famous rifaeaam club which witnessed literary events for the royal families and friends housed the historic lucknow pact of 1916.
To probe into their secret activities, the british government formed a committee headed by justice sidney rowlatt. India to be treated as an independent unit of the empire, as a selfautonomous state with equal rights and responsibility. The lucknow pact an important step forward in achieving hindumuslim unity was the lucknow pact, 1916. During the joint session at lucknow an agreement was signed between the congress and the league, which is historically known as the lucknow pact or congressleague scheme. Lucknow pact 1916 when all india muslim league came into existence, it was a moderate organization with its basic aim to establish friendly relations with the crown. Lucknow pact 1916 causes shifting muslim league policy failure of british to grant rights to indians, brought hindus and muslims closer. Lucknow pact 1916 home rule leagues launched by tilak and annie besant 1917 august declaration montaguechelmsford declaration montaguechelmsford reforms 1919 government of india act was passed 1919 jallianwala bagh tragedy. The muslims had reservations about turkey and going to dispel their probritish reputation.
Lucknow pact the lucknow session of the indian national congress in 1916 marked the reunion of the moderates and extremists together at lucknow in 1916. Role of the quaideazam jinnah was the principal architect of the lucknow pact and was hailed as an ambassador of hindumuslim unity. A compromise between the two factions of the congress. Malaviya became the president of the indian national congress in 1909 and 1918. Through the pact, the two parties agreed to allow representation to religious minorities in the provincial legislatures. It is the fourteenthmost populous city and the twelfthmost populous urban agglomeration of india. Negotiating the lucknow pact the journal of asian studies. Muhammad ali jinnah, being a part of the aiml and the inc, wanted to try to diplomatically pressure the british government. Congress was then led by bal gangadhar tilak, while mohammed ali jinnah represented the league. The lucknow pact of 1916 was signed without regard for its.
May 2008 this article includes a list of references, related reading or external links, but its sources remain unclear because it lacks inline citations. Candidates can download lucknow pact notes pdf from the link given below. View notes lucknow pact 1916 from cs 98 at city university of hong kong. An agreement was made between the indian natonal congress and muslim league in the joint session held in lahore. It created an apprehension among the indian muslims. Lucknow pact between congress and muslim league 1916. Through the pact, the two parties agreed to allow overrepresentation to religious minorities in the provincial legislatures. Lucknow session 1916 the 31st session of the congress was held at lucknow in 1916. As a result the relations between hindus and muslims improved in india. Mass phase of the national movement 19151947 a mahatma gandhi noncooperation movement. Special article the lucknow pact of 1916 a second look at the congressmuslim league agreement abhay datar t the congressmuslim league lucknow pact of 1916 can he indian national congressall india muslim league easily be considered an important landmark during the agreement, popularly known as the lucknow pact, can easily be considered one of the. The congress leaders agreed to the pact in the expectation that the executivelegislature relationship in the package of constitutional reforms would essentially be a continuation of the morleyminto reforms. In november 1916, leaders from both the parties met again in calcutta and discussed and amended the suggestions.
Separate electorates and partition accepted by hindus congress worked with muslims. Lucknow pact refers to an agreement reached between the indian national congress and the muslim league at the joint session of both the parties, held in lucknow, in 1916. Mar 10, 2012 the congressmuslim league lucknow pact of 1916 can easily be considered an important landmark during the nationalist movement in india. It was presided over by the ambica charan majumdar who was a prominent lawyer and was actively associated with the congress since its birth.
Congress was then led by bal gangadhar tilak, while. Please help by adding relevant internal links, or by improving the articles layout. Negotiating the lucknow pact volume 31 issue 3 hugh f. The massacre of jallianwala bagh after the lucknow pact. The lucknow pact the congress league accord of 1916. The hindu muslim unity was compromised and it ultimately resulted in the partition of the nation. In 1916 due to the efforts of tilak congres and league signed a pact at lucknow and after that congress recognize the muslim league as a seprate party and the seprate electorate as legimitate for muslims and this led to the biggest diplomatic blunder on part of congress which shows the formidable results in future and also the short term gains. Lucknow pact 1916 i n 19, the quaideazams inclusion in the muslim league was a historic event which gave new dimensions to muslim leagues struggle. During the 1916 congress session at lucknow two major events occurred. Lucknow pact, december 1916, agreement made by the indian national congress headed by maratha leader bal gangadhar tilak and the allindia muslim league led by muhammad ali jinnah. Jinnah supported the coming together of the two parties to.
Lucknow pact 1916 nationalists saw that their disunity was affecting their cause two important developments at the lucknow session of congress the two wings of the congress were again united the congress and the muslim league sank their old differences and put up common political demands before the government. Rowlatt presented his report to the government on 30 april 1918 and as a result. Points of improved relations 19111914 to achieve common aims and pressurize british. However, due to the decision of the british go vernment to annul the partition of bengal, the muslim leadership decided to change its stance. Though the lucknow pact was a good move, it had severe consequences. Their culture, language and religion was different from those of hindus. The lucknow pact was an agreement that reached between the indian national congress and the muslim league at the following joint session of both the parties held in lucknow in october 1916 during a. They accepted unanimously agreed reforms scheme presented by their respective committees. Firstly, this session brought the moderates and extremists in congress on common platform again after nearly a decade, particularly due to efforts of annie besant the congress president in his address said that if the congress was buried at surat, it is reborn in lucknow in the garden of wajid ali.
Lucknow pact from wikipedia, the free encyclopedia jump to. Brief notes on the lucknow session of the congress 1916 and importance of lucknow pact 1916. Lucknow pact is an agreement made between the indian national congress inc and the all india muslim league at their respective annual sessions held at lucknow in december 1916. Quaideazam, in his presidential speech at lucknow, said indias real progress can only be achieved by a true understanding and harmonious relations between the two great communities. The lucknow session was also significant as it brought together the moderates. Firstly, this session brought the moderates and extremists in congress on comm. The pact asked the british to give more authority to indians. Partition, government reports and files as well as the personal writings of. Muslim leagues demand of separate electorates at lucknow in 1916 which was manifested. Persuasion of jinnah joint demands pressing the british. International events british fight against turkey ion ww1. He was respectfully addressed as pandit madan mohan malaviya and also.
The pact was adopted by the congress on december 29 and by the muslim league on december 31, 1916. Sep, 2014 in 1916 due to the efforts of tilak congres and league signed a pact at lucknow and after that congress recognize the muslim league as a seprate party and the seprate electorate as legimitate for muslims and this led to the biggest diplomatic blunder on part of congress which shows the formidable results in future and also the short term gains. Jinnah said, to the hindus our attitude should be of goodwill and brotherly feelings. After the lucknow pact of 1916 both hindus and muslims started their struggle for the selfrule for india. The agreement was adopted by the congress and the league in their separate meeting in lucknow in december 1916. Selected documents of lokmanya bal gangadhar tilak. Lucknow session 1916 lucknow session 1916 the 31st session of the congress was held at lucknow in 1916. He was a moderate leader and opposed the separate electorates for muslims under the lucknow pact of 1916. Muhammad ali jinnah, then a member of the congress as well as the league, made both the parties reach an agreement to pressure the british government to adopt a more liberal approach to.
The banaras hindu university was opened in 1916 under the guidance of pt. Muslim league and congress agreed to separate electorate which means congress formally reorganized communal political and tacitly gave recognition that india consisted of different communities with separate interest of their own. Pandit madan mohan malaviya pronunciation help info 25 december 1861 12 november 1946 was an indian scholar, educational reformer and politician notable for his role in the indian independence movement, as the four times president of indian national congress and the founder of akhil bharatiya hindu mahasabha. The lucknow pact was an agreement between the indian national congress, headed by bal gangadhar tilak and the muslim league headed by muhammad ali jinnah. To redeem his resolve to serve the cause of education and socialservice he renounced his well. History important dates helpline for icse students.
Indians sacrificed a lot in terms of lives, manpower, supplies, finances and patience with high prices for wheat,rice,kerosine etc. Lucknow pact 1916indian national congressmuslim league. This agreement was adopted by the congress at the lucknow session on 29th december 1916. Lucknow witnessed some of the pivotal moments in the history of india. The mahamana title was conferred to him by mahatma gandhi. The congressleague scheme popularly known as the lucknow pact pointed out the steps that needed to be taken to gain self government for india. Lucknow pact 1916,montaguchelmsford reforms and rowlatt. The scheme was approved by both the parties in december, 1916 at the respective sessions at lucknow. Indian independence movement pakistan movement 1916 documents. The strength of legislative council should be 10 members out of which fourfifths were to be elected and onefifth to be nominated one third of the elected members were to be muslims. The muslim league and the congress held their meetings at lucknow in the end of december 1916. Following were the main clauses of the lucknow pact.
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